Chapter 2
SYSTEMS AND ACCESSORIES
2.1.
INTRODUCTION
This chapter introduces the fundamental systems and
accessories of the gas turbine engine. Each one of these systems
must be present to have an operating turbine engine. Section I
describes the fuel system and related components that are necessary
for proper fuel metering to the engine.
The second section discusses the theory and components of the
lubricating system. Oil is the lifeblood of any engine. If the oil
supply to the bearings should cease, within a matter of seconds the
lubricating films would break down and cause scoring, seizing, and
burning of the vital moving parts.
The third section tells of the ignition system used in the gas
turbine engines and of various cockpit instruments used to measure
engine performance.
Section I. Fuel Systems and Components
2.2.
GENERAL
The fuel system consists of the fuel control, speed governors,
fuel pumps, starting fuel nozzles, main fuel system flow divider,
main fuel manifold, and vaporizing tubes or nozzles. Fuel is
conducted between these components by flexible or rigid lines. The
fuel system must supply clean, accurately metered fuel to the
combustion chambers. All fuel systems have basically the same
components; how these specific units do their jobs differs radically
from one engine to another. Some systems incorporate features that
are not necessary to the metering of fuel, such as fuel and oil heat
exchangers, use of fuel pressure to operate variable inlet guide
vanes, and compressor bleed mechanisms. It is the purpose of this
section to illustrate typical fuel systems so that the reader may
obtain some idea of the route of fuel and location of the components
that make up the system. Figure 2.1 shows a typical schematic of a
gas turbine engine fuel system.
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